LAD #7: Washington's Farewell Address

President Eisenhower's farewell address relates to Washington's in that he, like Washington, warned America of things to come.

Summary of Washington's Farewell Address 1796- In 1796, George Washington gave his Farewell Address to say that he was retiring from his job as President. In this he mentioned multiple things that America had to do in the future to make it successful. He also talked about what people had to do in order to make sure America kept growing and becoming more successful. Washington also made sure to warn people of all the possible bad things that could happen if they split apart and became dis-unified, and that the country would only have success if their was unity between states. He reminded people that the Constitution is a very important document, but it could be changed in the form of amendments if there was something not right or missing about it, but only if they benefited the country. To continue, Washington thought that political parties may be good in order to check the government's administration, but it may cause harm to the development of America. He also talked about other checks and balances in the federal government. He talked about morality, religion, the importance of knowledge, as well as the proper use of borrowing money and credit from the government. Furthermore, he warned people and America in general about avoiding getting into foreign alliances because at some point America may not agree with them or they may even be dragged into a war. Lastly he told Americans to stay out of European wars and remain neutral. Overall, he set many precedents with his presidency such as, only serving two terms and also staying neutral in foreign affairs.

LAD #6: Washington's Proclamation of Neutrality

I believe Woodrow Wilson's statement of neutrality prior to WW1 was similar to Washington's Proclamation of Neutrality because both wanted neutrality with the countries in Europe to avoid conflict.

The Proclamation of Neutrality summary- There is a state of war between the powers of Austria, Prussia, Sardinia, Great Britain, the United Netherlands and France, and it would be in the best interest of the United States to become friendly and impartial or neutral with these countries. To make this happen the United States will act towards these countries or powers respectfully and to warn its citizens to avoid anything that may ruin these relationships. To make sure the citizens abide by these rules, they will be punished if they do anything to ruin relations with the powers. The proclamation was written by George Washington in Philadelphia and finished on April 22nd in 1793.

LAD #5: Federalist #10

I think the Republicans and Democrats relate to the Federalist Papers #10, in that more or less the two parties are factions of our government.

1.  Why are factions so difficult to eliminate?

Factions are so difficult to eliminate because the two ways of doing it would be to get rid of the liberty and freedom given to the people, or to make sure every person had the same opinions, passions, and interests. Making either of these things happen would utterly destroy the foundation this country was built on making it more or less impossible to eliminate factions.

2.  If factions cannot be removed then how can they be controlled?

Factions can be controlled by making sure there is no single majority for a passion or interest. Another way they could be controlled is by having the majority have another passion or interest which makes them unable to put into effect schemes of oppression.

Republican Motherhood Blog

I think the Women's Suffrage Movement relates to Republican Motherhood in that both increased the rights and thoughts of what women could do in society.

1. What role did the Revolutionary War play in the transformation of housewifery to Republican Motherhood?

The Revolutionary War inspired increased need for thoughts such as independence, republicanism, and patriotism. It was also common belief that these ideas needed to be instilled in to the following generations of Americans, and it more or less became the job of mothers to instill these ideas into their children, especially their sons (Doc A).

2. What were the consequences of the Republican Motherhood on women?

It was a common idea at this time that it was the job of mother's to instill republican ideas in their children. John F. Stearns says it best, "On you, ladies, depends, in a most important degree, the destiny of our country" (Doc D). There were many different ways people proposed this happening. Mrs. A.J. Graves writes of how women should keep to the their households, and that women don't really have use outside of it (Doc A). Benjamin Rush on the other hand believed that in order to accomplish their duties women needed to be educated (Doc B). 

3. What is the significance of the ideology of Republican Motherhood as a stage in the process of women's socialization?

The significance of Republican Motherhood was that it gave women a role in society outside of just being a housewife. It changed the whole way they thought, an led them to believe that the "... reformation of the world is in [their] power" (Doc C). Their increase of role in America led to an increased sense of pride and self-assertion.

1. Describe the setting:

A rather young looking women as a mother, sitting on a pink couch with a grayish colored wall in the background. You can see the edge of something on the back wall and the women is holding her two children.

2. Who serves at the center of the portrait and why? How does the women look? How is she "republican" rather than aristocratic?

The women is a the center of the portrait which shows she is of the main importance. The women appears fairly young and well dressed with a nice dress and done-up hair. She is "republican" rather than aristocratic in her dress in hair, which are nice but relatively plain rather than super fancy.

3. What values do her son exhibit?

Her sons portray the importance of women on society and in family life in that she is teaching them the things they need to be good, successful citizens.

4. Is there significance to the position of Mrs. Tilgham's arm?

Her arm is rested over one of her son's lap which could symbolize that it is her job to take care of him and to teach him all of the ideals and virtues he needs to be a good citizen.

Blog #4 - Revolution Article

I believe World War II relates to the American Revolution and the Civil War based on the sheer number of people who died in all three.

1. Of those who served in the Continental Army, 1 in 4 died: also 1 in 4 British soldiers, German mercenaries, and American Loyalist soldiers died.

2. At King's Mountain, the Loyalists who survived the battle, still faced a long forced march into captivity. Many captives were murdered on the march.

3. Many men in the retreat across New Jersey in 1776 were "without Stockings Breeches or shoes, nothing to cover their nakedness but a blanket".

4. Forty-seven percent of Continental soldiers taken prisoner in the Revolutionary War perished. In the Civil War, 12 percent of Confederate prisoners and 15 percent of all Union captives died.

5. During the Revolution upwards of 100,000 Loyalists or 5 percent of the free population went into exile. Some 10,000 Confederates, a fraction of 1 percent of the free population, chose exile after the Civil War.

LAD #3: Declaration of Independence

I believe the Emancipation Proclamation relates to the Declaration of Independence because it gave independence to a large group of people.

1. Being a declaration of freedom for the colonies, the Declaration of Independence includes many principles of democracy. The first being that everyone has basic rights that include life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. To make sure these rights will be preserved, a government will be put in place that will get its power from the governed people; and if this governments power is overused and corrupted, it is the right of the people to change or get rid of that government. Which is what they are doing with the British rule and government in the colonies.

2. There are a multitude of grievances listed in the Declaration of Independence. A few of important ones are... the king had refused to pass laws of immediate and pressing importance, he also refused to pass laws for the accommodation of large groups of people unless they wanted to give up their right of representation. He has kept standing armies at times of peace in the colonies without consent of our legislatures. He cut off the colonies trade with all parts of the world as well as imposing taxes on them without their consent. Lastly, he took away their charters, abolished their most valuable laws, and altered the fundamental forms of their governments.

3. The colonies had tried to reason and talk with the king, but he had never listened to their rather reasonable requests. So, they had no other choice than to declare their independence from the crown. This included being completely dissolved from the from Great Britain and having all of the rights that free and independent states should have. Encompassing the power to begin a war, make peace and alliances, and establish commerce among other things.

LAD #2: John Peter Zenger

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I believe that Patrick Henry's "Give me liberty or give me death speech" relates to the Zenger Trials because Henry was advocating for free speech against the government much like Zenger.



1. Who was John Peter Zenger?

John Peter Zenger was a New York printer who immigrated from Germany and he printed a publication called the New York Weekly Journal which was in opposition of governor William S. Cosby and the government.


2. What was the controversy over his charges? Talk about Hamilton's defense.

The controversy over his charges was that he was simply just the printer of the articles and that the truth or falsity of said articles was supposedly irrelevant to whether he was guilty or not. Andrew Hamilton stepped in as his lawyer and defended Zenger by saying that "it is not the cause of one poor printer, but the cause of liberty". Hamilton's defense helped Zenger be given with the verdict of not guilty by the jury.

3. What influence did his case have on American governmental tradition?

Zenger's case greatly influenced the American governmental tradition as it set the precedent of not being able to be found guilty for simply printing articles that opposed the government. 

4. What is the lasting significance of his trial? Explain.

The lasting significance of Zenger's trial is that it led to the First Amendment in the bill of rights of freedom of the press as well as helping to make America an independent country by sparking thoughts of rebellion. The first amendment made it so that we would always have freedom of the press to be able to freely oppose the government without getting in legal trouble for doing so. Also with the precedent he set for his time, led to to other printers to be able to do similar things which helped to eventually spark the American Revolution for our independence.

LAD #1: Mayflower Compact & Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

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I believe the American Constitution is similar to the Mayflower Compact and The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut as it set up the foundation for or just plainly set up a working government in America.

1) What concepts are included in the Mayflower Compact?

The concepts that are included in the Mayflower Compact are the following, that they are creating this first colony in for the glory and advancement of the Christian faith and to honor their king as well as their country. They are also joining together as one civil body of government as to bring better order and preserve themselves. Another concept is that they hold the right to enact anything needed such as laws and constitutions as time passes. And lastly, everyone has to oblige to all laws, constitutions, acts, etc. when they are put into place.

2) How does the Mayflower Compact reflect and attachment to both the "Old" and "New" worlds?

The Mayflower Compact reflects an attachment to both the "Old" and "New" worlds in that it still acknowledges that they are loyal subjects to the king while also acknowledging the fact that it is for the good the colony.

3) How did the Fundamental Orders of Connecticut differ from the Mayflower Compact?

The Fundamental Orders of Connecticut differ from the Mayflower Compact in that in them there is the plan to set up a formal government of magistrates and Governors that are elected by the people that are seen as qualified to choose. Rather than the rather informal mass government included in the Mayflower Compact.

4) What prompted the colonists of Connecticut to take this approach to government, i.e.: use of a written Constitution?

The colonists of Connecticut were prompted to take this approach to government as they could not keep unity and peace among themselves otherwise.

5) In what significant way(s) does the Fundamental Orders reflect a fear of and safeguard against the usurping of power by one person or a chosen few?

The Fundamental Orders reflects a fear of and safeguard against the usurping power by one or a chosen few by having a General Court for the making of laws and any other thing that may concern the good of the Commonwealth, that is open to the public.

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